What is the difference between UN3480 and UN3481?
UN3480 and UN3481 are classifications for lithium-ion batteries under international hazardous goods transportation regulations. UN3480 applies to standalone lithium-ion batteries shipped independently, while UN3481 covers lithium-ion batteries installed in equipment or packaged with equipment. Both fall under Class 9 hazardous materials but have distinct packaging and documentation requirements based on their configuration during transport.
What distinguishes UN3480 from UN3481 in transportation?
UN3480 governs loose lithium-ion batteries (e.g., power bank inventories), whereas UN3481 applies to batteries integrated into devices like laptops or medical equipment. The key difference lies in whether batteries are transported as standalone items or as part of operational products.
For UN3480 shipments, batteries must be isolated with non-conductive materials and limited to 30% state of charge. UN3481 allows higher flexibility—batteries can remain functional within devices but require secure packaging to prevent accidental activation. A smartphone factory shipping replacement batteries would use UN3480 labeling, while pre-installed smartphone batteries in retail packaging fall under UN3481. Pro Tip: Always verify battery-device integration status before assigning UN codes—misclassification leads to customs delays.
How do testing requirements differ between these classifications?
Both require UN38.3 certification validating safety under extreme conditions, but UN3481 demands additional equipment compatibility testing. Manufacturers must prove battery-device interfaces won’t cause thermal runaway during transport vibrations or pressure changes.
| Requirement | UN3480 | UN3481 |
|---|---|---|
| State of Charge Limit | ≤30% | ≤50% |
| Packaging Marks | Lithium Battery Handling Label | Lithium Battery in Equipment Label |
For example, a drone manufacturer shipping batteries separately must use UN3480-compliant packaging with 1.2m drop-test certification. If batteries are pre-installed, UN3481 requires vibration testing simulating air turbulence. Practically speaking, UN3481’s testing costs average 15-20% higher due to device integration validations.
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FAQs
Can UN3481 batteries be shipped with partial charge?
Yes, up to 50% charge vs. UN3480’s 30% limit. However, devices must have physical locks preventing accidental activation during transit.
Do both classifications require dangerous goods declarations?
Yes, but UN3481 allows simplified documentation when batteries are factory-installed in consumer devices under specific watt-hour limits.
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